下个月或达感染高峰！这两种药完全无效
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.034em;visibility: visible;">近日，全国多地医院出现较多肺炎支原体感染患者，以儿童为主。北京每年8月到12月是肺炎支原体感染的高发期，<strong style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;">一般在每年11月左右达到高峰。</strong><br style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;"/></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;"><span style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;">北京市疾控中心发布提醒：青霉素和头孢对肺炎支原体完全无效</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;">，市民如果出现发热伴有剧烈咳嗽，应及时就诊，尽快查明病因、规范治疗，切忌自行盲目用药。</span></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; visibility: visible;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;"><span style="outline: 0px;background-color: #007aaa;color: #ffffff;visibility: visible;">11月为北京支原体肺炎高峰期<br style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;"/></span></strong><strong style="outline: 0px;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;visibility: visible;"><span style="outline: 0px;background-color: #007aaa;color: #ffffff;visibility: visible;">患者切忌盲目用药</span></strong></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;font-size: 16px;" >肺炎支原体分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型共两种亚型，目前北京市主要流行亚型为Ⅰ型。人群对肺炎支原体普遍易感，但好发于5岁以上儿童和青少年。肺炎支原体感染潜伏期1~3周，潜伏期内至症状缓解数周均有传染性。肺炎支原体感染症状以发热、咳嗽等为主要症状，一般咳嗽比较剧烈，而且在发热退后咳嗽还可能继续1~2周。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; visibility: visible; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<span style="outline: 0px;visibility: visible;font-size: 16px;">肺炎支原体感染可引起上呼吸道感染，也可引起肺炎等下呼吸道感染，还可引起肺外并发症，如自身免疫性溶血性贫血等。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">由于肺炎支原体没有细胞壁，大家所熟悉的青霉素和头孢，这类抗生素都是以细胞壁作为靶点，因此对肺炎支原体完全无效。大环内酯类抗菌药物，如罗红霉素、阿奇霉素，目前为肺炎支原体感染的首选治疗药物。因此，市民如果出现发热伴有剧烈咳嗽，应及时就诊，尽快查明病因，规范治疗，切忌自行盲目用药。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">目前还没有预防肺炎支原体感染的疫苗。预防肺炎支原体感染，最重要的是养成良好的个人卫生习惯。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">1.尽量避免到人群密集和通风不良的公共场所，必要时戴好口罩防护自己。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">2.咳嗽、打喷嚏时使用纸巾捂住口鼻，或用手肘或上袖等遮挡，将用过的纸巾丢入带盖垃圾桶中。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">3.注意手卫生，使用肥皂、洗手液在流动水下清洁洗手。如果没有流动水，可用含酒精的免洗洗手液等擦拭消毒双手。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">4.流行高发季节，注意室内通风，每次通风不少于30分钟，以保持空气新鲜。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">5.养成健康生活习惯，适量运动，增加身体抵抗力，注意保暖避免受凉。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">6.学校、幼儿园等重点场所要注意通风消毒，做好日常的清洁工作，加强健康监测，避免出现聚集性感染。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;background-color: #007aaa;color: #ffffff;">权威解答：治疗支原体肺炎，<br style="outline: 0px;"/></span></strong><strong style="outline: 0px;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><span style="outline: 0px;background-color: #007aaa;color: #ffffff;">首选药物是什么？需要住院吗？</span></strong></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">目前已知，青霉素和头孢对肺炎支原体完全无效，那治疗肺炎支原体感染，首选药物是什么？是否会产生耐药性？什么情况下需要住院治疗？北京市卫生健康委进行了解答。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">一、治疗肺炎支原体感染，首选药物是什么？</span></strong></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">大环内酯类药物是治疗肺炎支原体感染的首选药物。常用的大环内酯类药物包括阿奇霉素、红霉素、克拉霉素等。近年来，随着大环内酯类药物在儿童呼吸道感染中的广泛应用，儿童耐药肺炎支原体感染呈上升趋势。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;">二、一旦出现耐药，有无替代药物？</span></strong></span></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">肺炎支原体感染患者如果对大环内酯类药物出现耐药，那么有两类替代性药物。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">一类是新型四环素类抗菌药物，主要包括多西环素和米诺环素。对耐药肺炎支原体肺炎有确切疗效。由于可能导致牙齿发黄和牙釉质发育不良，仅适用于8岁以上儿童。8岁以下儿童属于超说明书用药。米诺环素的作用相对较强，多西环素的安全性较高，在推荐剂量和疗程内，尚无持久牙齿黄染的报道。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">另一类替代药物为喹诺酮类药物，常用的为左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星等，由于存在骨骼肌腱方面的潜在风险，我国18岁以下儿童使用属超说明书用药。临床上，大环内酯类药物仍作为一线药物推荐使用，但存在耐药时，亦可根据病情选用四环素及喹诺酮类药物。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;">三、支原体肺炎如何治疗？是否需要住院？</span></strong></span></span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">首先看支原体肺炎是轻症还是重症。轻症经过大环内酯类药物如阿奇霉素、克拉霉素、红霉素治疗，一般均能控制病情，但体温正常后，咳嗽可能还会持续2周左右，胸片肺炎阴影基本均可吸收，可不复查胸片。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">重症患者需要住院，通过大环内酯类药物静脉输液治疗。因我国耐药率高，之前若用过大环内酯类药物3天无效可更换为新型四环素类药物如米诺环素等，更严重的应用左氧氟沙星等药物。重者可能有混合病毒或者细菌感染，也需要加用相应的药物联合治疗。</span>
</section>
<section style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" class="">
<span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);font-size: 16px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;">四、国产、进口阿奇霉素效果有差别吗？</strong></span>
</section>
<p style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" align="justify">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;">目前治疗的药物基本国产化，尤其阿奇霉素，效果和国外进口基本一致。</span>
</p>
<p style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;" align="justify">
<span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><br/></span>
</p>
<section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" style="margin-bottom: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-wrap: wrap;font-family: 微软雅黑;" class="">
<p style="text-align: justify;" align="justify">
<span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">来源：央视新闻</span><br/>
</p>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;font-size: 16px;text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;">
<section style="text-align: justify;" class="">
<hr style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;"/>
<p style="letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify;" align="justify">
<span style="color: #888888;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;">版权归原作者所有，如有侵权请联系我们</span>
</p>
</section>
</section>
<p style="display: none;">
<br/>
</p>
<section class="_135editor" style="text-align: justify;">
<mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type>
</section>
<p>
<br/>
</p>
页:
[1]